Disclaimer: Please note that this post and this video are not and are not intended as legal advice. Your situation may be different from the facts assumed in this post or video. Your reading this post or watching this video does not create a lawyer-client relationship between you and Trademark Factory International Inc., and you should not rely on this post or …Tap on the “+” symbol at the top-right corner of the screen to add a new text replacement. In the “Phrase” field, type the trademark symbol (™). In the “Shortcut” field, enter a combination of letters or characters that you’ll remember and associate with the trademark symbol, such as “tm”. Tap “Save” to create the text ...1. Press and hold the Option key on your keyboard. 2. While holding the Option key, press the letter “g.”. This will insert the copyright symbol into your document. Alternatively, you can use the keyboard shortcut by pressing Option + R. How to Type Trademark Symbol on Mac. The trademark symbol is used to protect logos, brand names, and ...Press and hold the ALT key and type the number 0153 to make a trademark symbol alt code. Copy and paste the TM Symbol with unicode symbol or use its decimal number. Facebook Twitter. Symbol Test Box ... While keeping ALT key pressed type the code for the symbol that you want and release the ALT key. Unicode codes can not be typed. …Dec 12, 2023 · To add special characters, first, you will need to open up a new or existing WordPress post in the block editor. Once there, click the add block ‘+’ button in the top left corner of the screen to open up the block menu. From here, locate and add the Custom HTML block to the post. Next, simply type the HTML entity code for the special ... HTML Trademark Code. This page contains HTML code for adding the trademark symbol to your website or blog. There are two main ways to display the trademark symbol on a webpage; use the HTML entity number, or use the HTML entity name. The trademark symbol should appear the same when rendered in the browser — regardless of whether …Learn how to insert copyright, trademark, and registered symbols in Microsoft Word using the Symbol dialog box, keyboard shortcuts, and AutoCorrect.This tuto... What is the ® Registered Trademark Symbol and Should I Use It? In the world of commerce, the ® registered trademark symbol (known as the “Circle R”) conveys a very important meaning. The registered trademark symbol signifies that a trademark or service mark has been federally registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office ... The Philippine Intellectual Property Code (IP Code) broadly defines a trademark as “any visible sign capable of distinguishing the goods (trademark) or services (service mark) of an enterprise and shall include a stamped or marked container of goods.” ... Consists exclusively of signs or of indications that may serve in trade to designate ...Mar 27, 2022 · Here’s how to insert copyright, registered, and trademark symbols using the Character Viewer in macOS: Press Control + Cmd + Space or go to Edit > Emoji & Symbols in any app to open the Character Viewer. Select Letter-like Symbols in the left menu. Double-click the symbol you want to insert. The Character Viewer is handy because it allows you ... In the world of commerce, the ® registered trademark symbol (known as the “Circle R”) conveys a very important meaning. The registered trademark symbol signifies that a trademark or service mark has been federally registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). It’s regularly used by owners of registered trademarks to … And set a reasonable shortcut for common ones. I often need the section symbol and degree symbol so those are alt+s and alt+d respectively. A few more helpful tips: Use autocorrect to insert formatted text used frequently. If I enter BNT: it autocorrects to a by/name/title signature block. Use ctrl+f to fix formatting fast. When you first begin use of a trademark or service mark, you should use the corresponding ™ or ℠ symbols. While the SM symbol denotes services, it is not necessary to use. Typically, companies just use the TM symbol regardless of whether the trademark is used in relation to goods or services. The biggest distinction in the area of symbol ...Jan 10, 2005 · Select a font and the character you want. If you look in the lower right hand corner if there is a keystroke combination in the font that will return the desired character will be given. The key is to use the numerical keypad NOT the numbers at the top of the keyboard. 01-11-2005 06:54 PM. In Windows, you can type any character you want by holding down the ALT key, typing a sequence of numbers, then releasing the ALT key. You can type a lot of characters that may not have a corresponding key on your keyboard – such as European language alphabetic characters, ASCII symbols, and even Chinese characters (also …Jan 10, 2005 · Select a font and the character you want. If you look in the lower right hand corner if there is a keystroke combination in the font that will return the desired character will be given. The key is to use the numerical keypad NOT the numbers at the top of the keyboard. 01-11-2005 06:54 PM. http://www.asknaoma.com How to type REALTOR® trademark symbol on iPhone, Android, Mac or WindowsTrademark emoji ™️. Is a simple text-like Unicode symbol, highly supported on all platforms and systems. Appears exactly the same, anywhere. Is an advanced representation of the Unicode symbol with a Unicode combination, supported mostly on mobile devices and social media. Appear slightly different on every platform. Word’s AutoCorrect feature lets you insert the copyright, trademark, and registered symbols by typing parentheses and specific lowercased letters directly into your text. 1. Place your cursor where the symbol should be inserted. Using a trade mark can help customers easily identify and remember your products and services, allowing you to build customer loyalty and protect your market share. With a registered trade mark, you will enjoy a monopoly over its use. You may: Use the ® symbol next to your mark. Protect your market share by deterring others from using it.Disclaimer: Please note that this post and this video are not and are not intended as legal advice. Your situation may be different from the facts assumed in this post or video. Your reading this post or watching this video does not create a lawyer-client relationship between you and Trademark Factory International Inc., and you should not rely on this post or …To apply, use the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) to complete the initial application. The initial application form has two filing options: TEAS Plus and TEAS Standard. Costs differ between filing options because the filing options have a different number of up-front requirements. You must file electronically. You should do …How to Type Trademark Symbol Emoji (Android) In order to make a Trademark Symbol Emoji on an Android phone, follow the steps on your phone’s keyboard below: Long tap the Emoji key with the smiley face and comma , Once the emojis come up, search under SYMBOLS. Locate and select the Trademark Symbol emoji. Select the …With a running time of 28 minutes (about three times a typical episode’s length), the 10.4 million views for “The Sign” translates to about 291.2 million minutes of viewing …HOW TO TYPE THE TM SYMBOL. Trademark symbols are typically drafted in Superscript which of course means that the symbols will appear smaller and in slightly different font. In order to generate the trademark symbol on an iphone, the applicant need only enter “tm” and hit enter – the user interface will automatically generate the registered trademark …A trademark (also written trade mark or trade-mark) is a type of intellectual property consisting of a recognizable sign, design, or expression that identifies a product or service from a particular source and distinguishes it from others. A trademark owner can be an individual, business organization, or any legal entity.A trademark may be located on a …You can use the ® symbol if your mark has been successfully registered as a trademark with an intellectual property office. Be sure to only use it in countries where you hold your registration. In most countries, the usage out of the symbol is not permitted, if you don't have a trademark registered there. On the other hand, the usage of the ... Registered Symbol on Mac (Keyboard Shortcut) Mac keyboard shortcut for the Registered Symbol is Option + R. If are using the Mac OS, you can easily type the Symbol for Registered on your keyboard using this shortcut. To do this, Click to place your cursor where you need the Registered Trademark sign. Press Option + R. Trademark Symbol (™): Resembles the letters "tm". Represents an unregistered trademark, signifying a mark used to promote or brand goods. ... How to Type the Trademark Symbols Using Keyboard Shortcuts and Alt Codes. On Windows: Hold down the Alt key and type 0153 for ™ or 0174 for ®, then release the Alt key. On Mac: For ™, …Mar 26, 2022 · According to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, a trademark is “a word, phrase, symbol or design that identifies your goods and services” and distinguishes your brand from competitors. A ... 5. Release "Alt." The trademark symbol appears. Facebook doesn't have options for entering special characters in the chat application, a friend's Wall or in a comment box, so you have to use ...CNN —. Bob Graham, a former US senator and two-term Democratic governor who was one of Florida’s most popular politicians, has died. He was 87. “We … 1. Alt Codes (Windows) Hold down the Alt key and type 0153 on your numeric keypad. Release the Alt key, and the trademark symbol (™) will appear. 2. Character Map (Windows) Open the Character Map app by searching for it in the Start menu. Locate the trademark symbol (™), click on it, and hit Select. Select the Tools tab. Select Edit PDF in the Tools Center. Select the Search icon in the Windows taskbar. Search for and then select Character Map. Locate your font in the Character Map’s drop-down menu. Select the trademark, copyright, or registered symbol in the character menu.Doing so will open the last-saved version of the file. 2. Place your cursor where you want to insert the symbol and click. This will set that location as the point at which your symbol will be inserted. 3. Click the Insert tab. It's in the upper-left side of the blue ribbon that's at the top of the Word window.It’s not always that you have to type trademark, copyright, registered symbols (unless you own a legal firm or own a business). However, there are days when, while mentioning a product or about a firm, you might need to use them or other special characters with text .®) symbol is the most coveted of the three symbols. It tells the world that your trademark passed the grueling United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) Office Examination. In addition, it tells the world that …New Here , Dec 13, 2018. LATEST. Put your cursor where you wish the symbol to be placed. Go to Type>Insert Special Character>Symbols>Registered Trademark Symbol and it will appear on your text line. 2 Upvotes.In order to create the ® symbol in superscript on a Windows computer, you must turn on number-lock, hold down the ALT button and type the code 0174 on the number pad to the right of the standard keyboard keys. To create the TM superscript follow the exact same process but type the code 0153. Advertisement.Some word processors like Google Docs automatically change TM into ™, while others, like Microsoft Word, require you to use Ctrl+Alt+T or type ™. Access to the …Simply press “Ctrl + Alt + T” on your keyboard, and voilà, the ™ symbol will appear. Alternatively, you can click on “Insert” then “Symbol” and select the trademark symbol from the list. This quick overview should give you a good grasp on the task at hand. After you insert a trademark symbol, it signifies that the preceding word ...As a quick guide, press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to type the TM or Trademark symbol in Microsoft Word. This shortcut works in MS Word only. For Windows users outside MS Word, press down the Alt …Click the dialog box launcher on the bottom right of the Font group (corner button). Alternatively, press Ctrl + T or Ctrl + Shift + F. A dialog box appears. Select the Superscript or Subscript check box. You can also press Alt + p for Superscript or Alt + b for subscript. Click OK or press Enter.A trademark is basically just a characteristic of a good or a service. A brand is the sum of associations the market has with the company or its products. The trademark can be developed and controlled by the company, and can be legally protected. The value of the brand in is largely determined by the customers.With markdown I want to say something like: The parser consumes a .tm file. But (in my GitHub readme.md markdown file) and also using Markdown Pro on my mac, markdown wants to make the tm a superscripted TM trademark symbol.Table of Contents. Trademark Symbol [™] Quick Help. To type the Trademark symbol on Mac, press [Option]+ [2] shortcut on your Mac keyboard. For Windows users, simply press down the Alt key and using … How to use Trademark Symbol Alt Code on keyboards without numpad. If your laptop or keyboard doesn’t have a numeric keypad, you can leverage the Windows on-screen keyboard to type the Trademark symbol using the Alt code. Either that, or there is no other way to use Alt codes on keyboards without the 10-key Numpad. For example, if you want to add a trademark symbol, you can type “trademark” into the search bar: Once you’ve found the special character you want to use, it’s time to add it to WordPress. Step 3: Insert the Character.On a Windows computer, hold down the Alt key and type 0174 on the numeric keypad. On a Mac computer, hold down the Option key and press the R key. On an iPhone or iPad, tap and hold the letter R on the keyboard, and select the registered trademark symbol from the pop-up menu. On an Android device, tap and hold the letter R on the keyboard, and ...When the keyboards pops-up, hit the Emoji Icon (Smiley Face) located next to the spacebar. Tap the Symbols icon, denoted by the ‘Diamond’ symbol. Scroll until use see the ( ™ ) and ( ® ) symbol. OR. Tap the location where you want to insert the symbol. When the keyboards pops-up, hit the [?123] button.New Here , Dec 13, 2018. LATEST. Put your cursor where you wish the symbol to be placed. Go to Type>Insert Special Character>Symbols>Registered Trademark Symbol and it will appear on your text line. 2 Upvotes.To type symbols such as the trademark symbol on your Android, you need to switch to the symbols page on the keyboard. Tap in a text entry field to bring up the onscreen keyboard. Press the "?123" button to switch the keyboard to a page with numbers and symbols. Tap on "~ {" to bring up a second page of symbols.Press and hold the ALT key and type the number 0153 to make a trademark symbol alt code. Copy and paste the TM Symbol with unicode symbol or use its decimal number. Facebook Twitter. Symbol Test Box ... While keeping ALT key pressed type the code for the symbol that you want and release the ALT key. Unicode codes can not be typed. …This is the first way to insert a copyright symbol in Photoshop. You might don’t know, but Photoshop comes preloaded with all the special symbols and characters such as copyright symbol (©), trademark symbol (™), registered symbol (®), and many more. You’ll need to select them to insert in your document if you don’t mind.Follow the instructions to find Where Is The Tm Symbol On Samsung Keyboard: Tap inside a text box to activate the on-screen keyboard. To change the keyboard to a screen with numbers and symbols, use the “?123” button. To see a section of symbols, tap “.”. To add the trademark sign to your text, push it.Jan 8, 2024 · You can type the trademark ™, copyright ©, and registered symbol ® on an iPhone or iPad in a few easy steps. To type the tm symbol on an iPhone, tap the smiley face icon, find the ™ emoji, and tap it. You can also type tm on iPhone by typing trademark, then tapping the predictive text suggestion. Here's how to type the trademark symbol ... Simply press “Ctrl + Alt + T” on your keyboard, and voilà, the ™ symbol will appear. Alternatively, you can click on “Insert” then “Symbol” and select the trademark symbol from the list. This quick overview should give you a good grasp on the task at hand. After you insert a trademark symbol, it signifies that the preceding word ...Symbol. ™. Alt Code. 0153. To get the Trademark symbol using the alt code: Place your insertion pointer where you need to insert the TM symbol. Press down the Alt key. While holding the Alt key, type the Trademark Alt code ( 0153) using the numeric keypad. Then release the Alt key to make the TM sign.If you are using a windows pc you can use alt+ codes your question answers are: for trademark hit alt 0153 on the NUM pad, for registered trademark hit alt 0173. For a complete listing go to [LINK VISIBLE TO REGISTERED USERS - CLICK HERE TO …You can use the ® symbol if your mark has been successfully registered as a trademark with an intellectual property office. Be sure to only use it in countries where you hold your registration. In most countries, the usage out of the symbol is not permitted, if you don't have a trademark registered there. On the other hand, the usage of the ... To insert the trademark symbol, press Ctrl+Alt+T. To insert the registered trademark symbol, press Ctrl+Alt+R. There’s even a faster way to enter copyright and trademark symbols. By using the default AutoCorrect feature, type C, T, or R enclosed in parentheses such as (c). The text automatically changes to the respective symbol. Apply for a trademark, respond to a letter from the USPTO, maintain your registration, and more through the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS). ... Log in to access forms. Select the type of form listed below for direct links to …Trademarks must be distinctive in nature. They cannot be descriptive. A trademark is different from a patent. While a patent is a limited duration intellectual property right over an invention, a trademark is an intellectual right of ownership over those set of words and graphics that distinguishes and identifies a brand name from others.Step 1: Go to Settings -> General -> Keyboard and make sure Emoji keyboard is added. If not, add it by using Add New Keyboard... Step 2: Open the app where you need to type trademark or copyright symbols and tap the emoji button: Step 3: Tap the Symbols tab: Step 4: Swipe left until you see the grey symbols screen: ™: Tap.You can reproduce the logo in any color, but we recommend that you use the official REALTOR® Blue (PMS 293). If you want to use another color, ensure: It's a sharply contrasting single color. There's adequate contrast between the color used and its background. That for a dark background, you reverse all components of the logo.You can use the ® symbol if your mark has been successfully registered as a trademark with an intellectual property office. Be sure to only use it in countries where you hold your registration. In most countries, the usage out of the symbol is not permitted, if you don't have a trademark registered there. On the other hand, the usage of the ...Ctrl+Alt+T=TM (The Trademark Symbol). Alternatively, type an open parenthesis - type tm and close the parenthesis. MS Word automatically creates the symbol. Ctrl+Alt+R=® (The Registered Symbol). Alternatively, type an open parenthesis - type r and close the parenthesis. MS Word automatically creates the symbol.Click the dialog box launcher on the bottom right of the Font group (corner button). Alternatively, press Ctrl + T or Ctrl + Shift + F. A dialog box appears. Select the Superscript or Subscript check box. You can also press Alt + p for Superscript or Alt + b for subscript. Click OK or press Enter. And set a reasonable shortcut for common ones. I often need the section symbol and degree symbol so those are alt+s and alt+d respectively. A few more helpful tips: Use autocorrect to insert formatted text used frequently. If I enter BNT: it autocorrects to a by/name/title signature block. Use ctrl+f to fix formatting fast. With a running time of 28 minutes (about three times a typical episode’s length), the 10.4 million views for “The Sign” translates to about 291.2 million minutes of viewing …R (®) Symbol. On the approval of the trademark application, you, as the proud owner of the newly registered trademark, are empowered to display the ® symbol next to the trademark. This symbolises that the trademark is officially registered, that infringement of any kind by a third party will be punishable by law.2. Click the arrow under Symbol, and select More Symbols in the list. 3. The Symbol dialog box will display, go to Special Characters tab and select Trademark symbol. 4. Just click Insert at the bottom, and the trademark symbol will be inserted next to the name you just inputted before. In previous post, we’ve also introduced the way to ...Press and hold ALT then press 0, followed by 1, 7, 4. You will get ®. For MacBooks, press R while holding the Option key (ALT). Awesome! How to get the ™ and © symbol? Easy! …Keyboard Shortcuts. Character Map. Alt Code. STEP 1: SYMBOL LIBRARY. Place the cursor in the text where you want to insert the symbol. On the Insert tab, …Step 1: Go to Settings -> General -> Keyboard and make sure Emoji keyboard is added. If not, add it by using Add New Keyboard... Step 2: Open the app where you need to type trademark or copyright symbols and tap the emoji button: Step 3: Tap the Symbols tab: Step 4: Swipe left until you see the grey symbols screen: ™: Tap.If you have a registered trade mark, it’s advisable to add the Registered Trade Mark Symbol to your branding. The easiest way to do this is: Windows-based computer. Hold down the “Alt” key and type 0174. This will create ®. Macintosh computer. Hold down the “Option” key and press “R”.Nov 7, 2019 · On a Mac computer, press Option + 2. On a Windows PC, enable Num Lock, press and hold Alt, then use the numeric keypad on the keyboard to type 0153 . Or, type Character Map in the Windows search box, then select a copyright or trademark symbol in any font. In programming for the web using HTML, enter ampersand, pound sign, 0153, semi-colon (all ... A trademark symbol consists of the letters “TM” at a smaller font and raised position from the surrounding type. Use your desired method to insert a trademark symbol into your Word document. 1.Registered (®) and trademark (™) symbol in LaTeX. By Parvez / July 12, 2023. The registered and trademark symbol is used widely as a legal symbol in a LaTeX Document. In this tutorial, I will show you different types of registered and trademark symbol with different packages, also how to use these symbols in LaTeX’s math mode …If you have a registered trade mark, it’s advisable to add the Registered Trade Mark Symbol to your branding. The easiest way to do this is: Windows-based computer. Hold down the “Alt” key and type 0174. This will create ®. Macintosh computer. Hold down the “Option” key and press “R”.Once a trademark is registered, then the applicant can start using the ® symbol next to the trademark. The R symbol signifies that the trademark is registered and enjoys protection from infringement under the Trademark laws. Use of the ® symbol after filing a trademark application or without obtaining trademark registration is unlawful.New Here , Dec 13, 2018. LATEST. Put your cursor where you wish the symbol to be placed. Go to Type>Insert Special Character>Symbols>Registered Trademark Symbol and it will appear on your text line. 2 Upvotes.HTML Symbol Entities. HTML entities were described in the previous chapter. Many mathematical, technical, and currency symbols, are not present on a normal keyboard. To add such symbols to an HTML page, you can use the entity name or the entity number (a decimal or a hexadecimal reference) for the symbol:Open the app where you want to type the trademark, copyright symbols. Tap the smiley face button to access the Emoji keyboard. Swipe through the Emoji options until you get to the ‘Symbols’ section where you will find the trademark symbol “™”, the registered symbol, “®”, or the copyright symbol “©”. Don’t worry, tapping on ...Mar 27, 2022 · Here’s how to insert copyright, registered, and trademark symbols using the Character Viewer in macOS: Press Control + Cmd + Space or go to Edit > Emoji & Symbols in any app to open the Character Viewer. Select Letter-like Symbols in the left menu. Double-click the symbol you want to insert. The Character Viewer is handy because it allows you ... 5 Answers. Sorted by: 2. Try AutoCorrect. (c) will produce the copyright symbol ©. (tm) will produce the trademark symbol ™. Here is MVP Suzanne Barnhill's …Here are five easy actions you can take right away to move from Idea to Action: #1. Vet Your Idea by Sharing It With Others. Simply start discussing your idea with …With a running time of 28 minutes (about three times a typical episode’s length), the 10.4 million views for “The Sign” translates to about 291.2 million minutes of viewing …Types of trademarks for products include five main categories: generic mark, descriptive mark, suggestive mark, fanciful, and arbitrary mark. Generic Mark. A generic trademark actually doesn't qualify for a trademark unless it includes more specific detail. One example of a generic mark is the phrase, "The Ice Cream Shop."Step 1: Go to Settings -> General -> Keyboard and make sure Emoji keyboard is added. If not, add it by using Add New Keyboard... Step 2: Open the app where you need to type trademark or copyright symbols and tap the emoji button: Step 3: Tap the Symbols tab: Step 4: Swipe left until you see the grey symbols screen: ™: Tap.For example: To insert the copyright symbol, press Ctrl+Alt+C. To insert the trademark symbol, press Ctrl+Alt+T. To insert the registered trademark symbol, press …
In Windows, you can type any character you want by holding down the ALT key, typing a sequence of numbers, then releasing the ALT key. You can type a lot of characters that may not have a corresponding key on your keyboard – such as European language alphabetic characters, ASCII symbols, and even Chinese characters (also …. Ethanol free gas close to me
Mar 30, 2021 · Seeing the full-on “Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office” next to your favorite brand is a whole lot more distracting than a little R with a circle around it, after all. To type the symbol out, word processors typically only require you to type (R), and the program usually automatically switches it to ®. 5 Answers. Sorted by: 2. Try AutoCorrect. (c) will produce the copyright symbol ©. (tm) will produce the trademark symbol ™. Here is MVP Suzanne Barnhill's …TypingClub is the best way to learn touch typing online for free. You can choose from 650 fun and engaging typing courses, games and videos in different languages and levels. Whether you are a student, a teacher or a professional, TypingClub can help you improve your typing skills and speed.Alt Codes (Windows) Hold down the Alt key and type 0153 on your numeric keypad. Release the Alt key, and the trademark symbol (™) will appear. 2. Character Map (Windows) Open the Character Map app by searching for it in the Start menu. Locate the trademark symbol (™), click on it, and hit Select. Copy it to your clipboard by clicking on ...·. Sep 29, 2023. Registered Trademark Symbol, Trademark Symbol, and Service Mark Symbol. Understanding the correct usage of trademark symbols — ®️, TM, and SM — …Oct 18, 2023 · In sum, for the trademark registration symbol on a Mac use Option + R, and for a PC use Control + Alt + R. Different Trademark Symbols. Let’s review the three trademark symbols you can use: TM, SM, and the Registered symbol: TM or trademark. The ™ symbol is generally used for unregistered or common law marks. It can also be used for state ... To insert: Place the cursor in the location where you want the symbol to appear. On the Insert menu select Special Character . In the dialog that appears, choose Symbol from the Font list.The trademark symbol is available in a Serif font (character 212) or in a San-Serif font (character 228). Click on the desired symbol .In the updated essential graphics editor, I can not figure out how to add trademarks. In the old title editor I would just copy and paste them from somewhere else. When you right click in the type box there isn't an option to paste anything. The traditional keyboard shortcuts don't work either. I'm using a PC if that matters. Jim PutnamHow To Type and Insert Trademark TM, Registered (R) and Copyright (C) Symbols For All PlatformsCheck the free tool: https://TMF.ROCKS/TYPE Trademark your bra...The ® symbol stands for “registered trademark”. Very simply, you must have a trademark registration for your brand name or logo before you can use this symbol. Even if you have successfully registered a trademark, there are some restrictions governing use of the ® symbol: 1. You may only use the registered trademark symbol ® for the ...You can use the ® symbol if your mark has been successfully registered as a trademark with an intellectual property office. Be sure to only use it in countries where you hold your registration. In most countries, the usage out of the symbol is not permitted, if you don't have a trademark registered there. On the other hand, the usage of the ....